The current global economic instability, rising inflation and logistics costs have made the efficient distribution of socially significant food products a particularly pressing issue. In particular, rising fuel prices and disruptions in supply chains directly affect the population's food accessibility. Therefore, the mathematical optimization of social food supply reserves has become one of the key instruments for states in ensuring food security. In this article, the process of transporting food products from social stabilization funds to several district social stores was examined on the basis of a transportation problem. The mathematical model was constructed using the apparatus of linear programming and solved with the aid of the potentials method and the Maple software. Transportation costs were considered not only as an economic indicator, but also as an indicator of inflationary pressure and fuel expenditure. As a result of the research, the optimal routes for food product distribution were identified and the minimum value of total transportation costs was calculated. The obtained model makes it possible to efficiently allocate logistical resources, reduce fuel consumption, and enhance the stability of the social food supply system.